To avoid damage to existing buildings or foundations on the soil above, it is necessary to predict these effects and to take proper measures. Although measures are taken to fill up this gap, one cannot avoid stress re-distributions and deformations in the soil as a result of the tunnel construction process.
In this procedure, the soil is generally over-excavated, which means that the cross-sectional area occupied by the final tunnel lining is always less than the excavated soil area.
A shield tunnel is constructed by excavating soil at the front of a tunnel boring machine (TBM) and installing a tunnel lining behind it. In this lesson, the construction of a shield tunnel in medium soft soil and the influence on a pile foundation is considered. PLAXIS 2D has special facilities for the generation of circular and non-circular tunnels and the simulation of a tunnel construction process.
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